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How to restore furniture

An image of a restored wooden table with a smooth finish is placed on a timber deck.

Overview

Furniture repair and restoration is a rewarding D.I.Y. project that lets you breathe new life into old pieces, reducing waste and adding character to your home. With the right preparation and tools, you can create a unique and beautiful piece that suits your space perfectly.

Safety tip: Always wear the appropriate safety equipment (safety glasses, gloves, ear muffs and a mask, for example) and always follow the instructions for the product or equipment. 

Steps

  1. 1

    Clean the furniture

    Start by cleaning the furniture with a microfibre cloth and a mild detergent mixed with water. This will remove any dirt, grime, or grease from the surface. A clean surface is crucial to achieving a smooth finish, as leftover dirt can affect the final result. Once cleaned, allow the furniture to dry completely before moving to the next step.
    A person is cleaning the furniture with a yellow microfibre cloth.
  2. 2

    Remove loose paint

    Check the surface for any loose or flaking paint. Use a scraper tool to carefully remove it without damaging the timber underneath. Removing these layers will ensure a smooth and even finish when the new coat is applied.
    A person is using a scraper tool to remove old paint or finish from a wooden surface.
  3. 3

    Sand the surface

    Sand the furniture to remove the remaining finish and smooth out any imperfections. Start with medium-grit sandpaper, like 120-grit, to tackle the old finish. If the coating is thicker than expected, you can use paint stripper or 80-grit sandpaper to make the job easier. Once the old finish is removed, switch to a finer grit, like 220 or 240, to create a smooth surface for refinishing. Always sand in the direction of the timber grain to avoid scratches. After sanding, wipe away any dust with a tack cloth or a damp cloth.
    A person is sanding a wooden surface with an orbit sander.
  4. 4

    Repair cracks and holes

    If there are any cracks or holes in the furniture, fill them with wood filler. Use a putty knife to press the wood filler into the gaps, ensuring the surface is level. Let the filler dry completely, then sand it smooth with fine-grit sandpaper to blend it with the rest of the surface. If there are large parts that require this, then you’ll need to stain the piece to achieve a uniform finish.

    If the furniture has any loose or broken parts, now is the time to glue them back together. Apply wood adhesive to the joints, and if necessary, clamp the pieces together for a strong bond. Wipe away any excess wood glue with a damp cloth while it’s still wet.

    A person is applying wood glue to a joint on a sanded wooden table.
  5. 5

    Apply the new finish

    Once the furniture is prepped, it’s time to apply a new finish. If you’re staining or oiling the furniture, choose a colour that complements your decor. Apply the finish with a brush, working it into the timber in the direction of the grain. Use a clean cloth to rub it in for a smooth and even application.
    A person wearing gloves is applying wood stain to a table with a paintbrush.
  6. 6

    Apply a second coat

    For a deeper colour, apply multiple coats, making sure to let each coat dry completely before adding the next. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the specific product you’re using to ensure the best results.
    A person wearing black gloves is applying a second coat of paint to a wooden surface with a paintbrush.
  7. 7

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Health & Safety

Please make sure you use all equipment appropriately and safely when following the advice in these D.I.Y. videos. You need to be familiar with how to use equipment safely and follow the instructions that came with the equipment. If you are unsure, you may feel it is safest to consult an expert, such as the manufacturer or an expert Bunnings Team Member.

Grave health hazards are linked to asbestos, which may be in homes built up to 1990. Health hazards may result from exposure to lead-based paints in older materials and copper chromium arsenic (CCA) treated timber. For information on the dangers of asbestos, lead-based paint and CCA treated timber and tips for dealing with these materials contact your local council's Environmental Health Officer.